Structuring projects
Article mis en ligne le 11 décembre 2017
dernière modification le 6 septembre 2018
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RÉSUMÉ DES PROJETS


 


ANNÉE 2017


 

PORTEUR et PROJET
RÉSUME
G. Dirras, LSPM, P13

High Entropy Multi-principal Element Alloys
(HEMA)

 
 
A / B / C

Alloying design of multiple components solid solution alloys defined originally as high-entropy alloys (HEAs) emerges as a powerful strategy to develop new materials with enhanced properties. The HEAs have been attracting extensive attention due to their unique compositions, microstructures, and good mechanical properties, such as high strength, high ductility and high fracture toughness in a large temperature range. However, depending on their actual composition, they may present complex microstructures which affect the link between the parameters of thermomechanical treatments and their deformation mechanisms in a complex and still unclear way. The first set of objectives of the HEMA project will be to elaborate and evaluate the mechanical properties under various loading conditions of some refractory HEAs (TiHfZrNbTa system) to be first used as structural materials. The local deformation mechanisms and the effect of local chemistry variations or short range ordering will then be investigated and modelled. Thermal stability of the microstructures subjected to high temperature mechanical loading will also be studied in order to bring some information about recrystallization mechanisms in these materials. Also, as the TiHfZrNbTa system is an ideal candidate to obtain other interesting properties, the second set of objectives will be to obtain several multifunctional TiHfZrNbTa—HEAs by fine-tuning the alloy composition, for e.g.
• Severe industrial environments (such as petrochemical/nuclear plants or high temperature conditions), for which enhanced structural properties are necessary combined with auto-cleaning or refractory and corrosion properties ;
• Biomedical applications : low modulus TiHfZrNbTa—HEAs may present a better biocompatibility for an in vivo use (including their biopolymeric coating) than the well-known Ti-6Al-4V alloy
• And possibly, electromagnetic applications considering the type-II supraconductor properties of NbTa based alloys or the spintronic properties of HfZr based ones.
The present project aims at gathering various skills within the LABEX SEAM in elaboration, characterization and modelling in order to develop multifunctional HEAs and to investigate the following steps : (i) the development and microstructural and mechanical characterization of some new retained compositions (ii) the identification and modelling of the basic mechanisms acting during thermomechanical processing, (iii) the evaluation of the electromagnetic properties of some of the selected alloys (NbTa or HfZr rich alloys) and (iv) the functionalization of the selected materials for specific applications (polymer coating for biocompatibility, controlled surface oxidation for photocalaytic properties, surface patterning for self-cleaning capabilities…).

D. Faurié, LSPM, P13

Nanostructures magnétiques sur substrats polymères : études des relations entre fonctionnalité et grandes déformations (MECAMAG)
 
A2 / A3 / B

The structuring project MECAMAG aims at optimizing nanometric magnetic systems deposited on flexibles substrates (polymers). The main perpectives concern applications in flexible electronics, such as flexible magnetic fields sensors, flexible magnetic memories and high frequency devices. These systems are interesting because they can be applied to non-planar surface and in confined media. The main issue is to understand the effect of high deformations (very high in focused applications) on functional properties. It is therefore crucial to optimize adhesion between nanofilms or nanostructures on polymer substrates, and to limit or better predict the fissuration and/or interfacial decohesion phenomena. Therefore, it is necessary to master the polymer substrate properties that will be synthetized and treated on surface, to control the magnetic thin film growth onside the substrate, to locally observe the samples surface during deformation tests and to probe in situ the magnetic properties, and to develop robust mechanical and magneto-mechanical modeling of the involved phenomena. A a broad consortium including very complementary skills (materials chemistry, physics and mechanics) will allows to study many aspects of the subject from fabrication to modelling, as compared to worldwide concurrent groups. It implied strong synergies between subaxes (A2 and A3) of A axis and B axis of SEAM Labex, with equilibrated contributions. This project must allow improving impact of this growing research theme, developed these last years in LSPM.

 
 


ANNÉE 2016


 

PORTEUR et PROJET
RÉSUME
V. Noël, ITODYS, P7

Printing multi-functional materials
(P2M)

 
 
A2 / A3

The goal of the P2M project is to combine, within the LabEx SEAM (Partners : ITODYS, MSC, LPL), the scientific knowledge and the technical know-how necessary to solve the issues that show up when printing functional materials on fibrous substrates. This process is the first crucial step in the manufacture of smart devices (e-textile, e-paper). The development of new printing methods (large areas) of structural materials with a wide resolution range (from a few nm to the μm) would definitely represent a step forward and could have important repercussions for both the academic and industrial environment. The combination of complementary fields of expertise existing within the LabEx SEAM allows to propose a transversal and innovative approach to address the problem of inkjet-printing resolution from different standpoints. The project P2M is divided in 3 work packages : (Task 1), ink spreading on the substrate surface : modelling and prediction ; (Task 2), Substrate functionalisation methodologies and (Task 3), nanostructured inks. The expertise and scientific knowledge shared between the project partners oriented towards the improvement of printing fabrication techniques will allow to reach important scientific achievements and breakthrough, directly exploitable by the LabEx partners in their own field(s) of applications. Besides this local implications, and considering the interest clearly manifested by the industrial sector, all the results regarding the controlled introduction of high added value functionalities onto fibrous substrates have a considerable valorisation potential (increase of innovation capacity, creation of new market opportunities). The structuring nature of the P2M project is clearly expressed both through its technical (i.e., expansion of the fabrication processes know-how available within the LabEx SEAM) and scientific scope (i.e., harmonisation of different sorts of complementary expertise around a scientific theme which is open and dynamic). Our long term objective is the creation of an extended consortium (including industrial partners) allowing the fabrication and commercialisation of prototypes starting from the basic research results obtained thanks to the LabEx sponsorship.

A. Vasanelli, MPQ, P7

When plasmas meet plasmonics : optoelectronic devices based on collective electronic excitations (TERAPLASMA)
 
 
A4 / C

The infrared optical response of a two-dimensional electron gas confined in a semiconductor quantum well is a cooperative phenomenon. A spectacular manifestation of this property is the fact that the absorption spectrum of a semiconductor quantum well with several occupied energy levels presents a single absorption peak at a completely different energy from single particle transitions. This unique optical resonance, concentrating the whole interaction with light, corresponds to a many-body excitation of the system, the “multisubband plasmon”, in which the dipole-dipole Coulomb interaction locks in phase the optically allowed transitions between confined states. The multisubband plasmon has a superradiant nature : its spontaneous emission lifetime depends on the density of electrons involved in the interaction with light and it can be even shorter than the typical non-radiative lifetime.
The aim of the project is to conceive and realize novel mid- and far-infrared light-emitting devices exploiting the extremely short spontaneous emission time of the collective electronic excitations. The design of such devices cannot be based on the usual bandstructure engineering employed to realize quantum cascade lasers. Indeed, one has to control a collective state instead than a single particle potential. For this reason in this project we will investigate the possibility of exciting collective electronic modes in semiconductor quantum wells by using techniques issued from plasma physics. A post-doc will work both at MPQ and at LSPM with the aim of using plasma modelling to conceive an infrared light-emitting device based on plasma instabilities. The device will then be fabricated and characterized at MPQ.

G. Léo,
MPQ, P7

Plateforme nanophotonique monolithique AlGaAs (PANAMA)
 
 
C

During 2015 we have set up a fabrication process of Aluminium Gallium Arsenide (AlGaAs) layers on top of a good-quality optical substrate of Aluminium Oxide (AlOx). This has enabled us to enter the very young, promising and competitive domain of semiconductor nanophotonics, with the first demonstration of second harmonic generation in a nanoantenna. Non-plasmonic nanophotonics is raising a strong interest, because the optical response of high-permittivity dielectric nanoparticles in a low refractive-Index environment shows negligible dissipative losses and strong multipolar magnetic resonances in the visible and near infrared. Whereas some very interesting results have been demonstrated in the silicon-oninsulator platform in the last two years, the monolithic AlGaAs-on-AlOx system provides an ideal choice for nanophotonics thanks to several strong points of AlGaAs with respect to silicon, among which the χ(2) nonlinearity and a direct gap that is both larger and variable with the aluminium molar fraction. By combining the complementary competences of four groups within the Labex, we aim at two AlGaAs-on-AlOx demonstrators of strong scientific impact : 1) a highly efficient nonlinear metasurface ; and 2) a metasurface for surface-enhanced spectroscopies.

M. Redolfi, LSPM, P13

PlasmA – NAnoMEtals interactions : HYdrogen STorage of Metals
(PANAME HYSTHME)

 
 
A / B / C

The project deals with the study of plasma - nanometric metallic alloys interactions. It consists of using microwave plasmas (LSPM laboratory) as a high-energy density process for hydrogen implantation or surface hardening without affecting the nanometric microstructure of the bulk material and while controlling the quality of the surface of the material. The first side of the project aims thus to study hydrogen interaction with storage nanomaterials (e.g., Pd-Ni, Pt-Ni and Pd-Pt-Ni), using cold plasma assisted H+ implantation. The selected nanomaterials will be prepared as nanopowders by polyol process (ITODYS Laboratory), and then flash densified by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) as nanometer-size grained solids. Instead of high-pressure hydrogenation (Neel Institute), this original charging approach enables to perform an adsorption with shorter interacting time and allow efficient, fast and reversible hydrogen storage under ambient conditions. In parallel, numerical tools will be developed to predict transient hydrogen inventory and the interactions between plasticity and diffusion. Firstly, the hydrogen charging mechanism comprehension using coupling non-equilibrium kinetic hydrogen transport and trapping, mechanical field evolution, and secondly, the induced damages in material (due to plastic deformation, irradiation, or hydride formation). The second side of the project deals with plasma treatment of Ti alloys to improve their surface properties mainly for structural applications alone (for e.g. aeronautical applications), but also to obtain more resistant multifunctional surfaces (for biomedical or photovoltaic applications). The proposed process consists therefore in an oxygen plasma surface treatment, which thus does not involve high temperatures which generally induce grain growth and/or phase transformations. Both commercial and home-made alloys (elaborated by milling and SPS sintering of Ti-based powders) and the plasma treated surfaces will be microstructurally and mechanically characterized (LSPM, ITODYS). Typically, residual stresses measurements will be performed before and after plasma treatment (LSPM) and correlated to the lifetime and the mechanical fatigue and wear resistance of the treated materials (SUPMECA). The possibility to obtain various surface roughnesses and / or patterns will also be investigated.

 


ANNÉE 2014


 

PORTEUR et PROJET
RÉSUME
M.Cherif,
LSPM, P13

Hétérostructures hybrides ferromagnétiques, molécules organiques et nanotubes de carbone pour l’électronique de spin (HEFOR)

This structuring project concerns molecular spintronics. It aims to structure a new and pluridisciplinary research activity around this emerging topic within the SEAM Labex. It gathers several laboratories and teams from the University Paris Diderot and the University Paris 13 that have already collaborated with success in the past. Here, the scientific goal is to realize and to study the chemical, electronic, magnetic and spin transport properties of hybrid heterostructures based on carbon nanotubes, ferromagnetic metals and molecules. A main aspect will be the study of ferromagnetic metals filled carbon nanotubes as a spin nano-source integrated in spintronics devices like magnetic tunnel junctions and spin valves. This project will be conducted with a promising multi-scale approach yet unobserved worldwide. The different physical and chemical properties will be probed at the molecular scale thanks to scanning tunneling microscope and at the microscopic scale thanks to transport measurements in devices and to a powerful optical spectroscopy technique named Brillouin spectroscopy. We propose also a static approach followed by a dynamical one to ensure a deep understanding (a key element for further industrial transfer) of such promising mixture of different materials. Finally, we want to put forward the various skills and strenghts existing within the SEAM Labex with an exciting scientific project.

J.Lagoutte, MPQ, P7

Matériaux à base de Graphène pour des applications dans les domaines de l’électronique, de la biologie et de l’énergie (Graph_Mat)

The realization of large area graphene with high quality and low cost is currently a bottleneck for technological applications and electronic properties measurements in carbon-based devices. The first part of this project aims to develop and share methods of preparation of graphene in total autonomy within the labex. Different strategies for graphene functionalization will be followed with the goal to lift some bottlenecks in three particular fields : electronics, biosensors and energy. Depositions of organic molecules by chemical, electrochemical and physical means, and deposition of inorganic materials in liquid or ultrahigh vacuum will be used to functionalize the graphene. One originality of this project is to measure the properties of different samples by coupling different experimental techniques (Raman, TEM, STM, transport) to explore common samples which will allow multi-scale analysis from atom to micrometer scale of the modified graphene. The last step of the project will be to achieve, if possible, proof of concept of a device. The innovation potential of this project concerns mainly the field of energy where industrial partners and international collaborations have already been identified. However confidential constraints will have to be followed if promising techno-economic results are obtained.

S.Queyreau, LSPM, P13

Modélisation Multi-Echelle de Matériaux et d’Interfaces (MMEMI)

The project thereafter presented aims to aggregate some of the SEAM LABEX existing numerical codes, to get a tool able to perform both multi-scale and multi-physic computations. The tool we aim to develop is supposed to be an upgradable one, as well as multipurpose and easy to use. We Would like to first focus the application of such a tool on surfaces and interfaces studies, for they becomes more and more the key point of industrial applications (in Term of function, and then, reliability). We would like to use two federative subjects for some Labex research teams to launch this numerical global tool development : the first one deals with metal hydrogen embrittlement, the second one on contact line propagation. These Two subjects, sharing a lot of theoretical concepts, are multi-scales (and Potentially multi-physic) by nature. Experimental investigations Linked to these problematic are, last, currently studied by Labex Research teams, leading to a double level structuration effect : on the one hand, the federation of modeling tasks and tools, initially begin developed for a given purpose without any further connections, and more globally, on the second hand, by the opportunities such a multi-purpose modeling tool might lead, in term of experimental results understandings.

S.Mercone, LSPM, P13

(NanoSmarc)

We propose here the design of new hierarchical and multifunctional nanostructured hybrid materials combining various ferroic properties including magnetic, electrical and mechanical properties, through a suitable control of the interactions at the interfaces in order to optimize the magnetoelectric coupling (ME) at room temperature and over a wide range of energies. These materials, of interest for applications in magnetic recording, aim at being switchable by applying a magnetic or electric field. Obtaining more efficient hybrid (organic-inorganic 0-0) or inorganic-inorganic 1-1) systems depends strongly on the judicious combination of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive materials and/or ferroelectric and ferromagnetic in hierarchical nanostructures. The key parameters that influence the magnetoelectric coupling are the following : raw phases, their crystalline phase, shape, amount, and the nature and extent of hybrid interfaces where the coupling occurs. Hence, we will study ferromagnetic nano-objects of various dimensionalities (spherical nanoparticles dispersed in a matrix, 2D organized arrays, anisotropic nanoparticles) dispersed in a matrix ; this latter may be a ceramic or a ferroelectric polymer in order to obtain various interfaces for controlling both the coupling and dipolar ME interactions. This current and major issue in magnetic materials brings together partners from Labex SEAM around three main objectives : (i) the synthesis and structural characterization of nanostructured materials, (ii) the relationship between structure and ME coupling and (iii) the transfer of knowledge for the design of original devices.

 
 


ANNÉE 2013


 

PORTEUR et PROJET
RÉSUME
F.Gazeau, MSC, P7

NanoHybrides magnétiques – plasmoniques pour le théragnostic (PlasMag)

Fabricating plasmonic - ; magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) is a new challenge in material sciences, because such nanostructures would be promising candidates for many applications in medical imaging and cancer treatment by hyperthermia. The PlasMag project focuses on the development and the practical use of FexOy/Au nanohybrids for both magnetic and plasmonic hyperthermia and as a dual MRI and CT scan imaging contrast agent. In a first place, our multidisciplinary consortium composed by research’s teams from the four laboratories of the SEAM Labex, will work on the fabrication of nanohybrids with technologically relevant magnetic and plasmonic properties. This fundamental aspect of nanomaterial developments requires studying the close link between the atomic structure and the physical properties of NPs. Through collaborative efforts with medical research groups and industrial partners we will undertake applicative studies on the utilization of nanohybrids for thermal ablation of tumors by magnetic and plasmonic hyperthermia and the most used in vivo imaging techniques in hospitals (MRI and X-ray computed tomography). The most innovative aspect of this project is the study of the interaction between NPs and their application medium (cellular environment). Indeed, these interactions are of primary importance because they could alter the properties of the NPs and be toxic for the patient. Based on our knowledge and knowhow in material science, we proposed new nano-metrological methods to detect and quantify biotransformation and biodegradation processes of nanomaterials in the organism, from the macroscopic down to the atomic scale. Therefore, we intend to understand the relation between the structure and the life cycle of nanomaterials in the organism, which is the key to creating efficient and safe -nanomedicines- in their application environments.

G. Léo,
MPQ, P7

Development of aluminum oxides for novel photonic devices (Dolphin)

This project will advance the state of the art of the fabrication technologies of aluminum oxides, directing the material evolution to the demonstration of two classes of photonic devices : low-loss AlGaAs waveguides for parametric generation in the near and mid infrared, and unprecedented dielectric components in the terahertz range. The approach followed is based on the unique know-how on thin-layer and bulk ultra-porous aluminum oxides within the consortium, and on a fully transversal synergy between material synthesis/characterization and device design/fabrication/test, where material optimization will be pursued in the framework of the specific constraints associated to the targeted demonstrators. Compared to existing aluminas, the DOLPHIN oxides will bring together several crucial advantages : an ultra-low dielectric permittivity, the potential of refractive-index gradients and a chemically tunable hydrophilic character in the bulk case, as well as a low-defect fabrication process in the waveguide-integrated thin layers. This will be accomplished with the complementary competences of three leading research groups in photonics, materials science and process engineering, plus the contribution of two world-class partners in microscopy and THz semiconductor laser sources. The DOLPHIN project will establish a long-lasting structuring model of federative research for the SEAM Labex.

Y.Todorov, MPQ, P7

Cavités photoniques actives sur puce (Capture)

The Project CAPTURE aims at the development of innovative devices for the mid and far infrared domains (THz spectral range) based on diamond technological platform. The device architectures that we will develop combine strong sub-wavelength confinement of the infrared radiation and an increased coupling efficiency with the free space through the use of antennas. On one hand, the use of heavily doped diamond layers allows the achievement of new electrically pumped sources of THz radiation where emission of confined plasmons is enhanced through microcavity effects. On the other hand, such architectures will enable the integration of optomechanical elements with the THz cavities for an efficient transduction between the far-infrared and visible wavelengths, in order to obtain a new detection method of the THz waves. This project relies on the dynamic collaboration between the QUAD and DON teams from MPQ and the PEMA team from LSPM, each of them bringing their well-recognised know-how respectively in the fields of THz optoelectronics, optomechanics and diamond growth.








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